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Prematurely Prying Puppies from their Litters

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Prematurely Prying Puppies from their Litters

Prematurely Prying Puppies from their Litters

Before deciding on introducing a bundle of fluffy joy to your human family, it’s crucial to ensure that the puppy has spent sufficient time with their biological mother and siblings so to avoid potential social, behavioural and even medical problems later in life.

But when exactly are puppies meant to be separated from their mother and litter? Find out more here…

The First Few Weeks of Life

During the first few weeks of a puppy’s life, they really aren’t much different from a human baby. They require the constant presence and attention of their mother because they completely rely on her for sustenance. Moreover, being a part of a litter is a form of socialisation for a young poochlet, where they learn how to ‘play’ with their siblings. A constant learning process takes place in the litter from the day a puppy first opens their eyes at the age of about two to three weeks, until they are separated from their litter, which should be no earlier than eight weeks of age.

The Eighth Week

By the time a little doggy reaches the eighth week of its existence, they have already undergone several developmental stages which help them acquire the skills they would need to survive and thrive as an adult dog.  The progressive sensory development gained from weeks three and four enables the pup to move around and process their surrounding environment. The pace of progress then accelerates from week four onwards due to the start of the socialisation phase where their mother teaches her litter basic manners, the concept of ‘pack leader’ and how to eat solid food when weaning occurs at about four weeks old. Weaning must be done gradually to ensure the physical and psychological health of both the mother and the pups.

As part of their socialisation development, by 8 weeks, puppies should have already been acquainted with their human equals. This introduction should be initiated from 3 to 12 weeks of age, so puppies grow familiar with their new owners. Special, individual attention must be given to each puppy daily thereby forming positive associations to interacting with people.

It is generally accepted that the brains of pups from 2.5 weeks through to 14 weeks of age are capable of welcoming new experiences with little fear and distress. This sensitive time period of what the poochlet experiences, (or doesn’t experience) shapes their character, behaviour and personality as an adult pooch.

Consequences of Early Separation

Before the puppy turns eight weeks old, it can be harmful to separate the baby from its mother for even more than 10 minutes at a time. Poochlets that are permanently separated from the litter at a young age can develop excessive behavioural problems such as anxiety, excessive barking and even aggression. From a medical perspective, such puppies are more inclined to have physical issues such as the inability to gain weight and an enhanced susceptibility to developing diseases due to an underdeveloped immune system. Psychologically, they may have increased tendencies to suffer from separation anxiety and their learning ability could ultimately be hampered. A puppy that is separated from their litter before eight weeks may also exhibit adjustment issues when brought into their new home.

When you do finally bring your puppy home and welcome them into your family, be sure to shower them with love, care and affection as from this day forward, you are their parent. Take every measure to make sure they adjust to their new home with ease and calmness, ensuring a stress-free transition into their new lives with you. They may initially cry for their mother, so be patient and compassionate, reassuring the pup that they have not been abandoned. Sleeping with your fur baby in a bed or crate next to you, playing with them and sincerely caring for and loving them, will not only boost their confidence, but will help strengthen their trust in you which ultimately translates into developing an unbreakable, lifelong bond between the two of you – and that is something precious that money cannot buy!

FYI – For Your Infurmation

Separating puppies from their mothers and litters before they are ready is a bold reminder of:

  1. the potentially destructive effects of lodging puppies in pet shops and other inappropriate housing environments
  2. the significance of suitable and time sensitive socialisation of puppies
  3. the critical need for behavioural intervention when a puppy has been prematurely separated from their mothers and litters and have spent time in a pet shop or other inappropriate housing environments

Written for inFURmation
by Taliah Williamson

Is your Child Pet-Ready?

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The bond between a child and their furry companion is undoubtedly a precious one and empowering your child to take on the responsibility of caring for a pet of their own can be a significantly positive step in shaping their future personality and behaviour.

Pets Add Value to Children’s Lives

  • Having a pet by their side teaches children to be responsible and empathetic while providing them with a playful companion that can keep them on their toes and give them that much needed physical activity!
  • Pets foster family bonds by encouraging members to come together and participate in collaborative activities with each other and their pets.
  • Studies have proven that pets reduce children’s susceptibility to asthma and allergies. When living with an animal before the age of one, children have shown to develop fortified immune systems compared to children who have had no exposure to pets in their homes.
  • Pets build a child’s self-confidence. When old enough to realise their pets are solely reliant on them alone to survive and thrive, a child’s self-esteem is boosted. They feel a sense of pride and ownership, knowing they play a significant role in keeping their pet happy and safe and this increases their inner confidence.
  • Pets teach children the beautiful traits of forgiveness, loyalty, companionship, trust, love and empathy. These are invaluable qualities they will learn to transfer onto other animals and people throughout their lives.
  • The companionship of both cats and dogs instils a sense of calm, comfort and security in all human members of their families. Research has proven that pets reduce stress and anxiety levels in their human counterparts. 
  • The joys of having a four-legged friend comes with a long-term responsibility and commitment, therefore kids who take ownership of their furry friends will learn to commit to things in life at an earlier age than those without that important sense of duty.

So, with all this said, when does a child become fully prepared for pet ownership and what is the right time to introduce a loyal companion into their life? Depending on your child’s age and personality, you may need to consider certain factors before making this significant decision.

Babies and Furry Friends

At this age your (human) bundle of joy can’t obviously be expected to understand the responsibility that comes with having a pet. If you already share your home with a fur child prior to your newborn’s arrival, it’s important to put your fur baby at ease with the upcoming changes and guide them into the new routine without feelings of stress or neglect. Training your pet for the new arrival is the first step in this transitional process. Set a certain time in your daily schedule where you don’t engage with your pet, empowering them to play and explore on their own, thereby encouraging independence. This way when the baby arrives your four-footed child won’t suddenly feel abandoned as your focus shifts towards taking care of your baby. Having said that, your pet is still, and will always be, your fur child, so while it is understandable that a few months will pass before your timetable finally adjusts, make a concerted effort to shower your pet with all the love and attention they so rightfully deserve. 

Toddlers and Furry Friends

Getting your toddler a pet of their own can be quite the delicate situation. While your child may now understand what pets are, they are not yet prepared to take accountability for them. If you’re planning on adding a pet friend to your household with a toddler in tow, consider having bigger breeds of dogs and cats as a toddler may obliviously mistreat or harm smaller animals. Also take into consideration the fact that you will be taking on the responsibility of your new fur baby, consuming even more time and commitment on your part. It’s essential to do your due diligence about potential breeds that will seamlessly fit in with your unique family culture and requirements.

School Age Children and Furry Friends

Children aged 6 years and upwards are probably the best prepared and most enthusiastic about the prospect of taking care of a fluffy friend. At this impressionable age your child may begin to openly express a desire to have a pet of their own. If your child is not used to having a pet, start with smaller animals such as a goldfish or hamster to teach them the important foundations of taking care of another living soul. You will still need to monitor tasks such as feeding the little one, cleaning their living quarters along with monitoring any signs of sickness that your child may easily overlook.

Pre-teens and teens are even better prepared and more pedantic when owing pets. Depending on their levels of interest, you can consider adding larger breeds of dogs and cats and even non-traditional pets such as hedgehogs, birds, rodents or reptiles to your family!

Although age plays a substantial part in determining when the right time to get a pet for your child is, it’s also crucial to factor in their unique personality. If your child shows no interest in having a pet, then either forget the idea entirely or take on a pet with the knowledge that as parents, any associated responsibility may very well fall on your shoulders, so be sure that you have the physical, emotional as well as financial capacity to do so.

Written for inFURmation
by Taliah Williamson

Cat Anxiety: Understanding Your Stressed Cat

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Cat Anxiety: Understanding Your Stressed Cat

You may tease someone for being a “scaredy-cat” or even get a chuckle when something startles your kitty and makes her jump. But a fearful, anxious cat is no joke. Cat anxiety can be a serious problem, especially if left untreated. If you think you might be dealing with a stressed cat, keep reading in order to understand what’s going on with your kitty and how you can help her.

Cat Anxiety Explained

Cat Anxiety: Understanding Your Stressed Cat

Cats experience anxiety when they anticipate danger from “unknown or imagined origins that result in normal body reactions … associated with fear,” explains PetMD. In other words, an anxious cat appears chronically stressed and afraid for no obvious reason. However, this doesn’t mean that there isn’t a reason. It simply means that it may take some time and investigation to determine the cause.

Potential causes that may result in a stressed cat are wide and varied. Cat anxiety may be caused by pain or illness, exposure to something toxic or infectious diseases that affect the nervous system. A psychological trigger may be to blame, like a traumatic experience, lack of proper socialization or a history of abuse or neglect. An aging brain can also cause anxiety, especially in senior cats experiencing memory problems or dementia. Joint pain in older cats can also be a source of anxious behaviors, such as hiding or failing to use the litter box. Other potential causes of cat anxiety can include new or moved furniture, new pet or baby in the home, or even a new home.

One of the most common forms of cat anxiety is separation anxiety, in which your cat becomes anxious and stressed when you leave her sight or she’s left home alone. This is especially prevalent among cats with a history of abandonment or who have been rehomed or passed from owner to owner, according to PetMD.

Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), characterized by exaggerated, repetitive behaviors, can also affect cats. Causes of OCD in cats aren’t really known, and as such it’s generally characterized as a mental disorder, although it can be initiated by stress, says PetMD. Pet parents may unwittingly reinforce OCD behaviors by trying to soothe their cats or giving them attention while they’re doing the unwanted behavior. It should also be noted that some breeds are genetically predisposed to certain obsessive-compulsive behaviors. Siamese and other Asian breeds are particularly known for these types of behaviors.

So how can you tell if you have an anxious cat?

Watch for the Signs
An anxious kitty isn’t too difficult to spot. PetMD identifies the following signs and symptoms of general cat anxiety:

  • Trembling
  • Withdrawal and hiding
  • Becoming less active
  • Trying to escape
  • Destructive or aggressive behavior
  • Diarrhea
  • Failure to use the litter box
  • Sores and lesions resulting from over-grooming

Other symptoms include a loss or reduction of appetite, weight loss, excessive vocalization, lethargy and restlessness, says PetMD. OCD can be identified by excessive, repetitive behaviors such as eating, sucking or chewing on fabric, obsessive grooming, repetitive meowing or yowling, and constant pacing. In a case of separation anxiety, your cat will likely be fine as long as you’re around, but may begin acting anxious when she can sense that you’re about to leave.

Helping Your Stressed Cat
The first thing you need to know in order to help your anxious cat is that you should never punish or scold her for her anxious behavior. This will only increase negative associations and fear and make things worse instead of better. The goal should be to help her feel safe and relaxed in her surroundings.

Cat Anxiety: Understanding Your Stressed Cat

Once you’ve identified anxious behaviors in your cat, the first step is to make an appointment with your veterinarian to either diagnose or rule out any underlying health issues or toxins that might be causing your kitty stress. Because cats tend to hide their pain, this is not something that is likely to be obvious, and may require a thorough series of blood panels and other tests. If it turns out that your cat is suffering from pain or a medical issue, treating the issue may be all that’s required to eliminate the anxious behavior and help your kitty get back to her normal self.

On the other hand, if your vet rules out a physical problem as the cause, this may mean that the issue is psychological. If this is the case, your vet should be able to advise you on a course of treatment.

In addition to prescribing anti-anxiety medication to help keep your kitty calm, your vet may recommend a trainer or animal behaviorist who can help both you and your cat through behavioral conditioning and counter-conditioning. Behavioral conditioning involves identifying fear triggers in your kitty’s life and either desensitizing her to these triggers through repeated, safe exposure, or removing them from her environment. Counter-conditioning, which is similar, involves training your cat to replace a negative behavior with a positive one, while forming positive associations with the new behavior. For example, if your cat is anxious when she can sense you’re about to leave, train her to go lie down and reward her when she does with a treat or a favorite toy. In time, she’ll associate your leaving with this positive reward and learn to be okay with it. The overall goal of this training and conditioning is to teach your cat that she’s safe and that it’s okay to relax.

If Left Untreated
Untreated anxiety won’t get better on its own, and will likely become worse over time, with undesirable behaviors becoming more pronounced. Just as with humans, chronic stress can have a physiological effect on your kitty’s health. If it persists, it could compromise her immune system and make her more vulnerable to illness, which will, in turn, compound her stress. She could also develop severe depression on top of the anxiety, all of which could lead to additional behavior problems. It’s not only in your cat’s best interest but also in the interest of having a peaceful home, to intervene with your cat’s anxiety as quickly as possible.

If you think your cat is suffering from anxiety, take heart. With love, patience and willingness to do your part to help, your cat has an excellent chance of making a full recovery and returning to her healthier, happier self.

Source: Hills

Website: www.hillspet.co.za

Written by: Jean Marie Bauhaus

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Important Questions To Ask Your Veterinarian

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Ask your vet

Image by The Paw Company

Some questions to consider when you are looking for or visiting a vet.
When you go to a veterinarian and pay for a service to treat your animals, it is your right to ask questions! Here are a few general questions then followed by what we call our “accountability” questions. Although the general questions can be answered by Google, it is best to ask the vet who has physically examined your animals. These are not the only questions.

GENERAL QUESTIONS

  • Is my animal at a healthy weight?
  • Is my pet up to date on vaccinations?
  • Is this (add odd behaviour) normal for this animal?
  • How is my pet’s dental health?
  • Could I be providing more appropriate food?
  • What tick/flea treatment would you recommend?
  • What are these lumps or bumps?
  • Is my pets’ nails/claws the right length?
  • Would my pet benefit from more grooming?
  • At what age is my pet considered a senior?
  • Any preventative care I can provide for my pet?

ACCOUNTABILITY QUESTIONS

Can you explain my bill? Always ask for your bill, receipt and full statement. This could help in case you need to take the pet to another vet or open a case against the vet or just for the record.

Can you explain the procedure to me? Understanding the procedure can help you better prepare for when your pet comes home. We have had cases where a vet said they operated “wrongly”, more than once. They should have checked and prepared for your pets’ procedure.

Who will be doing the procedure? Most people assume the vet will. Ask anyway! If they do not do it themselves then ask for the qualification of the person who will and whether the vet will supervise them. We can share horror stories on this.

Does my pet need pain medication? Which one on the statement is pain meds? If no pain medication is given ask why not, especially when you suspect your pet is in pain? We have found a vet that rarely gives pain medication. Any animal who comes in (apart from a general visit) will probably need pain meds. Rather ask!

How many consultations/operations do you do on average a day? This is very important. Some vets brag about how many they do, or claim that that makes them more qualified than others. For us as pet owners and welfare organizations, we would not want to go to a vet who brag about how busy they are. You do the maths. How much quality time will they spend on your pet? How easily can mistakes slip in if they are so busy?

Are you the only vet in this practice? If yes, our follow-up question would be when do they rest, or are they on call 24/7, especially if they do so many procedures. Being a vet is certainly a high-stress job if you care about the sentient beings you treat. If you add a lack of proper sleep, mistakes can easily occur and it could be lethal to your pets. Are you willing to take that risk with your pet?

How do they sterilize? Do they only remove ovaries or uterus or both? Do they only tie the tubes? We have had pets who fall pregnant after sterilization and that is impossible if it was done correctly!

What are their prices? This is a very debatable topic. How does it compare to other local vets? Do your homework on this! Ask whether it includes medicatioin after the procedure, the follow-up or the removal of stitches for example.

FINDING AN EXOTIC PET VET
Not all vets are qualified or experienced to treat exotic pets. Even if they say they can, it is your responsibility to ask the right questions. We had a case with a vet where they didn’t know the rabbit should actually eat before the operation, unlike other animals. Here are some screening questions to help you find the right vet for your rabbits/exotic pets.

HOLDING VETS ACCOUNTABLE
Apart from your right to get explanations for questions, you also have the right to get a second or even third opinion! Do not allow bullying from a vet or their staff when you do this. Please report them for unethical behaviour at the SAVC. Never just blindly trust a vet and do your homework. Reviews on social media and google can be manipulated so it is not our go-to measure. Take note of how often the staff changes in terms of quitting or being fired from the practice. That is usually a good indication of the boss and work culture.

If you are unsure about the treatment you received, please contact The Paw Company. You can also check out our accountability post if you are considering opening a case at the Veterinary Council. It doesn’t cost you money. Your case might seem isolated to you, but it is worth preventing another pet from having to go through what yours did!

YOUR PET IS YOUR RESPONSIBILITY and making the right choice of vet for them is on you! Next week we will look at what you should consider if you want to own (be a guardian) of a bird.

Read more on winter tips to keep your pets warm.

WHEN YOU KNOW BETTER, DO BETTER!

Source: The Bulletin
Website: www.thebulletin.co.za

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Don’t blame them, if you don’t train them!

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Understanding your pets and training them is an important aspect of having animals and improving your relationship with them.
Most of us think our animals are perfect, but they do have their moments.  Everyone does and it is ok! Pets don’t come trained, so let’s look at why training your animals is important and what are important things to teach them. Sometimes addressing behavioural concerns is as simple as a few minutes a day or adding an extra food bowl for a cat or providing a sand pit for a dog.

If your animals are not trained, their behaviour may lead to a lot of frustrations for you, which in return causes more confusion and stress for your pet and worsens the cycle. Many people surrender animals to shelters because of ” behavioural issues” when actually those issues are quite normal under circumstances and could easily be addressed if their owner cared enough to put in some time for training and meeting their needs.

Another important reason to train them or to address any behavioural issues is to keep them safe! If your dog storms out of the gate every time it opens, it can cause serious harm to them or another human or animal.

I am not a qualified trainer or behaviourist, however I am a perpetual student and love learning about the field of behaviour and psychology and obviously, animals too. I share here what I have learned through the years and what has worked for me. This info does not address how to train a specific skill but rather forms a general guide to help you in the right direction or highlight some important aspects.

If you need help with training your pet, it is important to contact either a qualified trainer or qualified behaviourist, depending on what your animals need. Always remember to use reward-based training or positive reinforcement and not fear-based training or punishment. Most trainers teach obedience, basic behaviour modifications, and specific skills whereas behaviourists address advanced behaviour issues like fear, aggression, severe anxiety, compulsive disorders, and other challenges. If a professional starts to badmouth other trainers right off the bat, I would also walk away. Check out the green flags for choosing a trainer below.

Our philosophy on training is that if the training does not allow for the five freedoms of animal welfare, we will not go with that particular method. This includes their freedom from hunger & thirst; pain, injury & disease; discomfort; fear & distress; and freedom to express natural behaviour. Whenever you feel uncomfortable with what is happening in the training session or your pet does, you have to speak up for the both of you! Even if it doesn’t seem to cause physical harm, never forget about the emotional effect punishment or your actions can have on your pet. Training and teaching tricks can be an awesome form of enrichment and improve your bond with your pet. When it comes to training, I am more impressed about how well you can read your pet than them following your commands.

When there are behavioural issues, it is always a good idea to go for a vet check to exclude any health problems that might cause this behaviour e.g., excessive chewing or peeing in the house etc. Keep them healthy with regular wellness checks, up-to-date vaccination(without over-vaccinating), regular deworming, tick and flea treatment, a healthy and species appropriate diet, enough exercise and enrichment etc.

Welfare for Animals shares a few helpful questions when there is a training or behavioural issue:

WHO – is it environmental? Is it you and your behaviour? Is it a family member or another dog? Or the cat? Are you pushing your dog too much too fast?

WHAT – what is the behaviour- let’s think about the ABCs- antecedent (what comes before the behaviour)- behaviour- consequence.

WHERE – is it certain environments? Would change the environment help?

WHY – Is your dog fluent in the cues you’ve taught? Are they stressed, fearful or anxious? Are their needs being met? Have you set them up for success?

WHAT TO TEACH THEM?
The obvious commands that are helpful include sit, come, down, stay and leave it.

SAFETY – Water safety is non-negotiable for us, but also safety around cars and not leaving the yard when the gate is open. It is important that your pet does not fear water, especially when you have a pool, but also for bathing purposes. You have to pet-proof your pool or fish ponds, but also teach them how to get out if they do fall in. Remember not all breeds are good swimmers!

RECALL – A good recall is one of the most important skills for all dogs to have, if not the most important. Successfully getting your dog to come back to you not only prevents potentially dangerous situations but also allows for greater freedom in off-leash areas. Never punish your dog if you have called them to you. This will only teach them that it’s a bad idea to come to you.

ON-LEASH & OFF-LEASH – You can start by teaching them to walk well on a leash and walking it is a great way to bond with them or help them bond with another dog. You do however need to teach them to be off-leash too and still respond to your commands, so work on recall!

JUMPING – Discourage jumping from the start. I don’t step back when they jump, but rather towards them. If you give lots of attention when they jump, this will encourage the behaviour.

BITING – Say no to biting and nipping. Chewing on the other hand can be from boredom, dental issues or just a way to relieve stress.

HANDLING – Snuggle sessions are a great opportunity to get your new puppy or adult dog comfortable with having all the areas of their body handled because soon enough they’ll need to visit the veterinarian and perhaps the groomer. I recently saw a video of clear training of eye drop acceptance in a hyacinth macaw. The animals we care for and live with can work towards learning preventative care with positive reinforcement, to avoid restraint and coercion in treatment throughout their life. Wherever we can aim to teach and instil these caretaking behaviours with our animals, we should invest the time to make it happen.

SOCIALIZE – Socialization means exposing your pet to as many new people, animals, environments, and other safe stimuli as possible, without overwhelming them. This should preferably be done early in their life.  Like humans, some might not like it as much, but they need to be able to socialize and not fear being around other animals, humans and stimuli.

HOUSE TRAINING – If they are lucky enough to be cared for and stay safe inside your home at night, this will be important. You need to watch their behaviour and take them out after they wake up or have eaten and add some praise when they go.  You might have to re-train some older pets later again. When a mistake happens don’t scream or punish them and never, ever rub your dog’s nose in their mess. Look for and address submissive and “relief” urination as well.

CRATE TRAINING – We don’t support keeping your pet in a crate often and definitely not as punishment, but training for it can be helpful for you, as well as them if you need to crate them during an emergency, car or plane travel, or overnight stays with friends or family.

Your pride and ego should never trump what is best for your pet. You don’t have to follow it, but be open to people suggesting a different approach or a better way of doing it, which can benefit your pet. You can learn from many people.

Not all towns have access to training classes, but don’t let that stop you from learning online and trying it at home. Training does not have to be expensive, but know what you pay for. Your pets are your responsibility and you should invest in their training & health.

Next week we will share more tips on training & behaviour!

WHEN YOU KNOW BETTER, DO BETTER!

Source: The Bulletin

Website: www.thebulletin.co.za

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How Can I Stop My Dog From Chewing?

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How Can I Stop My Dog From Chewing?

Image: Pixabay

We’ve all seen the pet-shaming videos. You know the ones: A pet parent comes home to find a happy, tail-wagging dog waiting at the front door. Person and dog walk into the living room and — oh no! — the couch has been mysteriously ripped apart! Stuffing is everywhere! The pet parent gasps in horror. What could possibly have happened? Who could be to blame? Why do dogs chew things?

Learn what makes your dog gnaw on their surroundings and how you can convince them to leave your socks (or plants, or books, or furniture or toilet paper rolls) alone.

Chewing & Separation Anxiety?
The first thing you need to do is to figure out why your dog is engaging in destructive behaviour. One common reason is separation anxiety. Most dogs will give you sad puppy eyes when you leave, but a dog with separation anxiety will go beyond a simple pout or whine when you leave them home alone.

A dog with separation anxiety may soil in the house or start destructive behaviours like tipping over the rubbish can or ripping up their dog bed. They may even injure themselves attempting to escape. Anxious dogs might also bark or drool excessively or refuse to eat or drink. Many pups with separation anxiety don’t respond well to being crated. Consult your vet on ways to help your dog overcome separation anxiety.

Why Do Dogs Chew?
Boredom can be another culprit. Think about it: You are at work all day, and your dog is home, alone, just waiting for you to return. Think about how bored you’d be!

To combat their boredom, you can offer chew toys or toys that dispense food. Keep some out of reach so that you can surprise them with something novel, or break out their favourite chew toy just before you leave. Just like you might do for your cat, you can invest in a puzzle feeder that keeps your dog active and busy and gives you some peace of mind. Just make sure that their toys are filled with a daily portion of their healthy dog food instead of treats.

Finally, puppies who are teething frequently want to chew on something to relieve their pain. Plus, just like human babies, they want to put everything in their mouths. New textures! New tastes! New experiences! So much fun! To keep your pup from staring shamefacedly at a shredded slipper, make sure they have plenty of sturdy and age-appropriate chew toys and try not to leave them unsupervised for too long.

Advice to Chew On
How can you teach your pup not to chew? Crating your dog or designating a doggy-proof room are two options. You should start crate training when they are young if possible, and be consistent. However, make sure your energetic pup gets plenty of time to run around. You can also teach them a simple “drop it” or “leave it” command if they chew on anything other than their toys in front of you.

If you’re away for long periods, consider hiring a dog walker or enrolling your pooch in doggy day care. These options keep your dog active and give them a social outlet when you’re away, both of which will go a long way toward keeping you from coming home to find a new hole in your wall.

If nothing else works, you can try making an unpleasant-tasting deterrent spray to discourage your dog from chewing on specific objects (like their favourite chair leg). Cuteness suggests a mixture of white vinegar and lemon juice or apple cider vinegar. Never spray the deterrent on your dog’s body, and keep up with their behavioural training to reinforce what you want them to learn.

Tucker Them Out
The most important thing you can do to prevent destructive behaviour is to give your dog lots of exercise and love! Keeping your dog well-exercised and giving them lots of social stimulation when you’re home can go a long way to changing their behaviour when you’re not home. After all, who isn’t ready to settle in for a long, quiet nap after a brisk walk in the neighbourhood or a session of backyard fetch?

What you shouldn’t do is discipline your dog after the fact. Your dog might act ashamed on your viral video, but really they’re reacting to your tone of voice and mannerisms. Correcting your dog when you catch them in the act can help them learn, but telling them “no” hours after the fact won’t help them connect the discipline with the destruction.

We know destructive dogs can cause havoc on a home. Consider why your canine pal is acting out, and give them some alternative options to let out their boundless energy.

Source: Hill’s Pet Nutrition

Training Tips: Dog Impulse Control

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Training Tips: Dog Impulse Control

The same uninhibited excitement that makes your dog so endearing can also be a recipe for trouble. Dogs are simply used to acting on their instincts, hence their barking at the mail carrier (or anyone who comes to the door), bothering you for scraps or jumping on you when you get home.

It’s important to give your dog impulse control training to help them be a calmer, more well-behaved companion.

Dog Impulse Control Training
Training your dog can help them overcome their impulsive habits. Use these tips to curb common unwanted behaviours.

Default Position
Teaching your dog to take a default position and wait for instructions or a cue gives them an acceptable behaviour to turn to when they’re not sure what to do, says Karen Pryor Clicker Training. You can use the default position in a wide range of contexts and to help break a number of bad habits, such as jumping on people, being a nuisance at the dinner table or bolting off after another animal. Here’s how to train your dog to take a default position:

  1. If needed, teach your dog to sit until they can do so on command.
  2. Command them to sit. Once they sit, toss a treat so they have to get up to retrieve it.
  3. After they eat the treat, say their name and wait until their attention turns to you. Once it does, repeat their name and reward them with a treat. Repeat this action any time your pup’s attention starts to wander.
  4. Repeat steps two and three five times in the same location. Then, move elsewhere in your home and practice for five more sits.
  5. Practice five sits each day in two different locations, for a total of 10 sits per day. Keep moving to a variety of locations and practicing within different contexts while providing a variety of distractions. Eventually, your pooch should get the hang of sitting still and focusing their attention on you, no matter the situation.

Door Rushing and Doorbell Barking
If your dog has a frenzied response every time there’s someone at the door, try this training adapted from Wag!:

  1. Choose a verbal cue, such as “hush” or “wait.”
  2. Approach your front door. If your dog follows excitedly, use the verbal cue, move away from the door and drop a treat.
  3. Approach the door again and touch the handle. Give your dog the cue as you step away from the door, then ask them to sit. Only give them a treat when they successfully sit down.
  4. Keep practicing, gradually increasing the distance between your dog and the door before asking them to sit.
  5. Once they sit consistently, approach the door and use the verbal cue. Wait for your dog to go to their spot and sit on their own without needing to be told. Once they do, praise them and give them a treat.
  6. Keep practicing by approaching the door from different parts of the house. If your dog barks or rushes the door, repeat steps two through five until your pup moves to their spot and sits without being told.
  7. Repeat step six, this time opening the door when you reach it. Only reward your dog if they quietly sit while you approach and open the door.
  8. Finally, enlist a friend to ring the doorbell or knock on the door. Repeat the previous steps as many times as necessary until your dog reliably responds by going to their spot and sitting quietly while you answer the door.

Food Grabbing
Follow these training tips from the American Kennel Club to teach your dog not to snatch food out of your hand:

  1. In a closed fist, hold a handful of dry dog food in front of your dog. Ignore any attempts to get the food out of your hand.
  2. When your pooch stops trying to get the food from your hand, use your other hand to reward them with a treat. Repeat these steps until your dog stops trying to get food from your closed fist.
  3. Once your dog starts ignoring your closed fist, slowly open your hand. When they try to snatch the treats, close your fist and wait for them to stop. Once they stop trying to take food from your open palm, use your other hand to reward them with a treat.
  4. Once your pup learns to leave the treats alone in your open hand, slowly remove a treat from that hand and give it to your dog. If they try to snatch it or if they go for the other treats, close your fist and don’t give them the treat. Once your pup is able to sit still and wait for you to deliver the treat, you can give it to them as a reward.

Teaching your dog impulse control takes a lot of patience and constant practice, but it’s worth it for the reward of a well-mannered, self-controlled pooch.

Source: Hill’s Pet Nutrition

Which factors shape your pet’s behaviour?

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Which factors shape your pet’s behaviour?

Exploring the influences on animal behaviour.

Understanding why animals behave the way they do, especially our beloved cats and dogs, requires looking at many different aspects. Their behaviour is influenced by things like their genes, how they were raised, their surroundings, and how they interact socially. By observing and understanding these factors, we can strengthen our bond with our furry friends and make sure they have what they need to be happy and healthy.

As caretakers of these cherished companions, it’s our responsibility to recognize and meet their needs in a world that can be challenging for them. This includes creating environments that keep them engaged, making sure they socialize well, and establishing comforting routines.

Beyond just providing food and shelter, we’re tasked with managing their physical health and nurturing their emotional well-being. By actively engaging with them, understanding their unique personalities, and addressing their needs early on, we can create an environment where they not only survive but thrive.

DOES BREED PREDICT BEHAVIOUR?

A 2022 dog genomic study from UMass investigated whether the breed of individual dogs could predict their temperament and behaviour. In this study, they surveyed 18,385 dog owners and sequenced the DNA of 2,155 dogs. They investigated 8 behaviours, human sociability, arousal level, toy-directed motor patterns, biddability, agonistic threshold, dog sociability, environmental engagement, and proximity seeking. Interestingly, the results showed that while breed did explain many physical characteristics, it explained just 9% of variations in behaviour. No behaviours were unique to any specific breed, so Labradors aren’t the only sociable breed around! Some behaviours were more consistent when considering breed ancestry, such as their responsiveness to commands. However, other behaviours, like how easily a dog gets scared, showed less variation between breeds.

That said, to understand a breed and their behaviour better, you need to also understand what they were originally bred for because we can’t deny genetics even though that is only one of many factors that influence behaviour. I agree with Dr. Judy when she says that while some breed stereotypes can be true, it is best to treat the pet in front of you, as an individual.

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WHAT DOES INFLUENCE BEHAVIOUR?

According to certified professional dog trainer Victoria Schade, writing for PetMD: “While there are aspects of a dog’s temperament that can seem hardwired, personality is a combination of nature and nurture.”

 She lists eight factors that can influence the way a dog’s behaviour develops:

  1. Maternal influence — A mother dog’s behaviour during weaning can impact a puppy’s willingness to interact with people. For example, skittish mothers might model behaviours that puppies adopt.
  2. The amount and quality of early socialization — Puppies raised without frequent positive exposures to novel sights, sounds, locations, and beings might be less confident, easily startled, and slower to recover from stress.
  3. Environment — Dogs who grow up in households where all their needs are met will likely develop differently than dogs who live in deprived households, like those kept outside with minimal human contact.
  4. Ongoing socialization as the dog matures — While early socialization is critical for developing confident and behaviourally appropriate puppies, socialization is a muscle that needs to be worked throughout a dog’s life. Adult dogs who don’t have opportunities for positive experiences with new environments and people might be less likely to react to the world confidently.
  5. Level of daily exercise — Many behavioural challenges stem from a lack of adequate physical and mental exercise. Dogs who seem to be “hyper” or “naughty” probably aren’t getting enough exercise.
  6. Training — Training is more than just a way to ensure polite behaviour; it’s also a passport to the world, as well-trained dogs are usually able to feel comfortable in a variety of settings.
  7. Diet — Dogs fed a balanced diet of healthy food will develop and behave differently than dogs eating lower-quality foods. Dogs who eat foods with too many fillers and artificial ingredients might be more likely to have energy peaks (like overexcitability) and crashes (like lethargy).
  8. Caregiver personality — We love our dogs because they’re such wonderful companions, and that bond between us can lead to our dogs mirroring our behaviour. High-strung, nervous pet parents might wind up with a dog that has similar challenges.

AN ACTION PLAN FOR UNDERSTANDING YOUR PETS BETTER

Here are some actions you can take to better understand your pet and to help them cope in this human world we force them to live in.

  • Understanding Your Pet’s Needs: Take the time to learn about the specific needs and behaviours of your pet’s species and breed. Research their natural instincts, activity levels, and social requirements to better understand how to meet their needs. Do this before you choose a pet too!
  • Providing a Stimulating Environment: Create an enriched environment that offers mental and physical stimulation. Provide toys, puzzles, and activities that cater to your pet’s natural behaviours, such as hunting, chasing, or exploring. Rotate (and clean) toys regularly to keep them engaged and prevent boredom.
  • Establishing Routine and Consistency: Pets thrive on routine and consistency. Establish a regular schedule for feeding, exercise, and playtime. Consistency helps reduce stress and anxiety, providing a sense of security for your pet.
  • Socialization and Training: Socialize your pet from a young age to help them become well-adjusted and confident around people, other animals, and new environments. Positive reinforcement training techniques can help reinforce good behaviour and strengthen the bond between you and your pet.
  • Ensuring Physical and Mental Health: Schedule regular veterinary check-ups to monitor your pet’s health and address any medical concerns promptly. Provide a balanced diet, regular exercise, and mental stimulation to support their overall well-being.
  • Creating a Safe and Comfortable Environment: Ensure your home is safe and pet-friendly, free from potential hazards such as toxic plants, small objects that can be swallowed, or accessible cords and wires. Provide a comfortable and secure space where your pet can rest and retreat when they need a break.
  • Recognizing Signs of Stress or Discomfort: Learn to recognize signs of stress, anxiety, or discomfort in your pet, such as changes in behaviour, appetite, or grooming habits. Take proactive steps to address any underlying issues and provide reassurance and support.

Learn more about dog body language here.

  • Building a Strong Bond: Spend quality time bonding with your pet through activities they enjoy, such as grooming, training, or simply cuddling on the couch. Building a strong bond based on trust and mutual respect strengthens your relationship and enhances your pet’s overall well-being.

By following this action plan and remaining attentive to your pet’s needs, you can create a supportive and nurturing environment that helps them thrive physically, mentally, and emotionally which in turn can affect their behaviour positively too!

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GET PROFESSIONAL HELP

Remember that NOT ALL TRAINERS ARE EQUAL, NOT ALL TRAINERS ARE ETHICAL!

Deciding what type of dog professional, you need can certainly be a challenge especially as the dog industry is unregulated. There are basically three sectors involved in dog training and behaviour. What to look for and who to go to will depend on what your and your pet’s needs are.

  • Dog Trainer
  • Dog Behaviour Consultant / Behaviourist
  • Veterinary Behaviourist

Knowing who you are looking for can help demystify the journey of finding an ethical professional to work with. One of the most important aspects is whether they use fear-free positive reinforcement methods. Remember, when you ask questions about a dog professional’s qualifications, this should be met with clear, open and appreciative responses – not smoke and mirrors. We must demand the best for our pets. If you feel uncomfortable with this trainer/ behaviourist then leave because it is your responsibility to protect your pet too. When a behaviour issue arises, we always advise a vet visit first to rule out any health issues.

Understanding animal behaviour is not straightforward because many factors contribute to it. Genetics, environment, socialization, and individual experiences all work together to shape the distinct personalities of the animals we share our lives with. By exploring these influences with care and interest, we can learn a lot about their needs, wants, and how they communicate. With this knowledge, we can build strong bonds with our pets and ensure they are happy and well-cared for throughout their lives.

WHEN YOU KNOW BETTER, DO BETTER!

Source: The Bulletin

Teach Kids How to Behave Around Dogs

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Kids

Teach Kids How to Behave Around Dogs

Teach kids to: OBSERVE

Understand how animals communicate through their body language.

  • Dogs communicate with their whole body- from head to tail. 
  • Teach kids how to observe a dog, not touch.
  • Find out more about how dogs communicate by getting in touch with an accredited behaviourist or force-free training school.
  • When adopting a pet be sure to research many great online resources relating to understanding your animal’s behaviour and body language cues.

Stranger Danger: DO NOT TOUCH

A good life lesson for children is to teach them never to pet an animal they do not know.

  • “Leave them alone and do not touch” – this safety rule is there to prevent potential bites and also disease exposure from strays or unknown animals in the community.
  • Teach a child that if a dog chases them, “STAND LIKE A TREE”. 

What this means is, plant their roots into the ground:

  1. Stand still, like a tree
  2. Arms (branches) to their chest and
  3. Look at the ground (do not stare at the dog). 

Important to note:

Usually, an energetic dog will become more excitable if a child starts running and screaming.  

Whereas, if the child is taught to stand still this prevents a situation from escalating, so a parent or caregiver can intervene if necessary.

Other important lessons!

  • Teach children that animals need to give their consent to being touched, picked up or handled.
  • Not all animals enjoy patting, handling, being brushed or being picked up.
  • Teach children to give them space while they are eating and not to disturb them while sleeping.
  • A lot of pets do not like to be hugged as it is not a natural interaction for them – it can feel threatening or restrictive.
  • Teach your child to avoid startling a resting dog and to rather call the dog over to them than invade their personal space.

Source: Cape of Good Hope SPCA

Is your dog normal, healthy and happy?

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Is your dog normal, healthy and happy?

A Normal and a happy and healthy dog will exhibit various signs and behaviors that indicate their well-being and contentment.

It’s important to note that individual dogs may have different personalities and temperaments, so their expressions of happiness may vary. However, if you notice any significant changes in your dog’s behaviour or physical health, it’s essential to consult with a veterinarian to ensure their well-being and address any potential health concerns.

Regular veterinary check-ups and proper care are vital in maintaining a happy and healthy life for your canine companion.

Here are some common signs of a happy and healthy dog:

  • Energetic and Playful: A happy dog will have good energy levels and will engage in playful behavior. They will be excited to play with toys, run around, and interact with their human family.
  • Tail wagging: Tail wagging is a classic sign of a happy dog. However, it’s essential to interpret the wagging in context with other body language.
  • Healthy Appetite: A healthy dog will have a consistent and healthy appetite. They will eagerly eat their meals and maintain a stable weight.
  • Clear and Bright Eyes: The eyes of a happy and healthy dog will be clear, bright, and free from excessive tearing or discharge.
  • Shiny Coat: A well-groomed and healthy dog will have a shiny and lustrous coat. Their skin will be free from dryness, flakes, or excessive oiliness.
  • Normal Bowel Movements: A happy and healthy dog will have regular and firm bowel movements without any signs of diarrhea or constipation.
  • Good Dental Health: Healthy teeth and gums are signs of a content dog. They should have clean teeth and fresh breath.
  • Affectionate and Cuddly: A happy dog will seek affection and enjoy cuddling with their human family members.
  • Responsive to Commands: Training and socialization play a role in a dog’s happiness. A well-trained and socialized dog will respond positively to commands and interact well with others.
  • Contentment During Rest: When a dog is content, they will relax comfortably during rest periods and may lie on their side or back, showing they feel safe and secure.
  • Social Interaction: A happy dog will enjoy spending time with their family members, other dogs, or even meeting new people.
  • Good Hydration: A happy and healthy dog will drink water regularly and stay hydrated.

Source: Cape of Good Hope SPCA